Value Project

Exploded Action Figures

Value project using Analogous Colors

The work of Joseph Albers and his series Homage to the Square utilizes size gradations and value changes to create an optical illusion. Our Action Figures will incorporate the same ideas.

Vocabulary

• Value - the lightness or darkness of a hue. (color)
• Tint - Adding white to a hue.
• Shade - Adding black to a hue.
• Gradation - The progressive change of color and or shape within a composition.

Process

1. Trace a photograph of an active sports figure or an equivalent action image.
2. Transfer the outline of the image to a 12x18 inch piece of white oak tag.
3. Draw lines around the figure that make the spaces get wider as they go toward the edges. (See example at the top of page.)
4. Constrict the shapes in some places to add interest and variety.
5. Paint the spaces with progressive value changes, starting with a light value and working toward black. A sensation of vibration should develop.
6. make sure that you have a piece of newspaper under your project as you work.
7. Take only the amount of paint you need, no more or less.  Mix colors slowly. Start by adding small amounts of the darker color to the white. Then add more as needed.  Make sure that you finish a complet color before the period is over. It will be difficult to mix th same color again.
8. Clean Up!! Cardboard pallets and newspaper go in the trash. I will wash the brushes for you, but you are responsible to sponge off your table.
9. Place your wet work on the drying rack. Dry work should be placed in your folder.

Considerations

You must have 10 different values!

Consider using two complimentary colors.

Use your original image in the center of the composition.

New Homework Assignment

9 Squares __________________________________________

Art Skills: Typography and calligraphy. Using line to create unique letter forms.

Supplies:

• 9 square drawing paper
• Black Sharpies
• Pencils

Procedure:

1. Pick a letter or number.
2. Draw the same letter or number in each box but make each one look different.
3. Challenge your creative thinking skills by brainstorming 9 different ideas for your letter/number.
4. Use outlines, contour lines, cross contour lines, Think about creating textures with line, Change line weights and line personality.
5. Draw in pencil first, then go over the image in black sharpie.
6. This will be graded on both technique and creativity. Make sure it is 40 minutes worth of work!

Spiral Color Wheel

Materials:

White Oak Tag 12x18”                        Newspapers under work

Tempera Paints                                    Pencils

Brushes                                                Compasses

Procedures

1. Find the center of the paper.
2. Open your compass to a radius of 5 inches and strike a 10 inch circle.
3.  Reduce the radius to 4.5 inches and strike a 9 inch circle.
4.  Reduce the radius to 4 inches and strike a 8 inch circle.
5.  Place the point of the compass on any outside edge and strike an arc from the center of the circles to the outside edge.
6. Go to where the arc has touched the edge of the outside circle and repeat. You should end up with 6 sections. Find the center of one of the sections and repeat, making 12 sections.
7. Each section will have a large area for the color, and two small areas for a tint and shade.
8.  Start by painting in the primary colors. Use Magenta for red, Turquoise for Blue and Yellow. Mix and paint a tint and shade for each primary color. ONLY the primary colors may be used!
9. Mix the secondary and tertiary colors between the primaries. It is easier to work on the three colors between two primaries at the same time.
10.  Make sure you reserve enough of each color to mix it with black or white to make your tint and shade.

Color Mixing

·         Mix your colors on a pallet of cardboard or on an old magazine. Throw away the cardboard pallet or rip the used pages from the magazine and place them in the trash.

·         Clean your brush and place it in the can bristles up! (Very important)

Tips

·         Use small amounts of paint!

·         Always add small amount of dark colors to light!

Place Wet Art Work on the Drying Rack in the back of the room.

Color Vocabulary

Color Terms

Primaries - Yellow, Red, Blue

Secondaries - Orange, Violet, Green

Tertiaries - Yellow-Orange, Red Orange, Red-Violet, Blue-Violet,Blue-Green, Yellow-Green.

Hue - Another word for color

Value - The lightness or darkness of a color.

Intensity - The brightness or dullness of a color.

Tint - A color that has been lightened by adding white.

Shade - A color that has been darkened by adding black.

Black - The absence of all color (light)

White - The sum total of all color.(light)

Gray/Brown - Gray is created by only a partial reflection of all color waves of the spectrum.

Neutrals - Black, White, Brown and Gray

Complimentary Colors - Colors that are directly opposite on the color wheel. Green and red are and example.

Analogous
Colors - Colors that are next to each other on the color wheel.

Split Complimentary - Start at a particular hue, blue for instance. Go directly accross the color wheel to it’s compliment which is orange. Then take the colors that are analogous to orange: yellow-orange and red-orange.

Triadic Harmony - A triadic color scheme involves three equally spaced hues on the color wheel. Blue, yellow, and red are and example.

Monochromatic - A color scheme using only tints and shades of a single color.

Cool Colors - Usually associated with Yellow-green, Green, Blue-Green, Blue, Blue-Violet and Violet.

Warm Colors - Yellow, Yellow-Orange, Orange, Red-Orange, Red, and Red-Violet.

Simultaneous Contrast - For any given color the eye simultaneously requires the complementary color and generates it spontaneously if it is not already present.

Stippling Sketchbook Assignment

Stippling is a shading technique that used dots to create different values.

In your sketchbook draw a 6x6 inch box. Divide it into nine (9) 2x2 inch squares. Using pencil or marker, create 8 values using stippling. Remember to keep your “dots” evenly spaced to create an even value. Do not place your dots in rows!

 

Surreallism

Objective:

• To put real objects in unreal situations.
• To take real objects and alter them in such a way as to distort or change their original purpose.
• To create unusual perspective-like environments

Materials:

• Mixed media
• 18x24" white oak tag
• Glue sticks
• X-acto knives
• Cutting boards

Procedure:

1. Collect images using “Automatic Suggestion”. Look for images in magazines, newspapers and then cut out the objects. Use parts or the whole image. 
2. Use one image as the basis for your project. Extend it’s perspective.
3. Add perspective. Think about the use of Relative Scale in your image.
4. Create some kind of 3-D shape and shade it using stippling.
5. Collage: Make creative use of magazine images. You may print our specific images from the web if needed.
6. Remember this is “Mixed Media”.  You should use different materials. (ie. Craypas, water color etc.) If you need something special, ask!

Name in Perspective

Objective: Draw your name in One Point Perspective and shade it to give it form and mass.

Materials:

• 12x18 White drawing paper
• Rulers
• #2 Pencils
• Erasers
• Eraser Shields
• Drafting Brushes

Procedure:

1. Draw your horizon line about 1 inch from the top of the page. (Horizontal orientation)
2. Draw a guideline for the top and bottom of the letters. 
3. Draw vertical lines showing the left and right of each letter. (leave about an 1/8 of an inch between each letter)
4. Draw guidelines to the vanishing point.
5. Complete the perspective on each letter.
6. Shade each letter. The front of the letters should be white. The tops should be a medium gray value and the sides a dark black.

Here is a YouTube tutorial that may help you understand how to draw this project.

How to Draw 3D Block Letters MOM in One Point Perspective

Impossible Imaginary Image

Create and impossible imaginary image. Simply put, this is an image you create from your imagination that you could not actually create in reality. A very famous artist named Leonardo da Vinci did this very thing constantly in his sketchbooks. He designed objects such as an airplane, bridges and military equipment before they ever existed.

·        There is no right or wrong. Just think about your needs ( or society’s needs) . How can your invention make life better?

·         You need only use pencil and add color if you want. These ideas do not have to work. The “Communicator” in Star Trek came long before the cell phone became a reality. Just try and be creative, this is really a metal exercise to improve creativity.

·         Notate your invention.

·         Write approximately two short paragraphs about your invention and how it will improve the world.

Homework #3

Create a Football Helmet Design

You are the owner of an new Arena Football Team. Design a Team Helmet/Logo.

• Use colored Pencils.
• More helmet worksheets are in the front of Room 42
• Include a Gylph ( a simplified image)
• Include a Logo (the phonic name)

Space and Perspective Concepts

The Use of Registers or Multiple Parallel Base Lines - The Egyptian idea of space was different from that of our Western Culture. Parallel base lines within the same picture plane give the effect of stacked panels and encourage the viewer to “read” the page from top to bottom.

(Weighing of the Heart of the Scribe Ani)

Fractional Representation - Common treatment of space in Egyptian Art. Fractional Representation incorporates the most representative aspects of the body. An example would be the treatment of the human eye on a profile in frontal view.

Relative Scale - When objects known to be of the same size differ in their scale it indicates a difference in their location on the spatial field. The larger objects appear closer. The smaller objects further away.  (Van Gogh’s Haystacks)

Hieratic Scaling - Often the importance, power or strength of the figure would denote its relative size in a composition. In Cimabue’s Madonna and Child Enthroned, as well as Giotto’s painting of a similar subject we see evidence of this technique. The Madonna and Child in both compositions appear much larger than the other figures.

Overlapping - Another way of showing space is the use of overlapping. When one object is placed in front of another the first object is assumed to be in front of the second object even if that object is of greater size. Christ covers the disciples in Masaccio's image The Tribute Money.

Foreshortening - The shortening of forms to achieve the illusion of extension or projection into space. The appearance of correct proportion is achieved by shortening forms in relation to the angle from which they are observed: the more acute the angle of observation, the shorter the forms. Therefore an arm extended toward the viewer would appear shorter than an arm stretched out overhead. Andrea Mantegna was a master of foreshortening. His subjects were often selected so he could solve difficult problems in foreshortening. (Lamentation over Dead Christ)

Aerial Perspective (Atmospheric Perspective) - Because of atmospheric conditions objects that are further in the distance have a decrease in clarity, intensity of color value, and relative texture. Think of the way mountains look in the distance, they have a hazy muted look while the hills in the foreground remain sharp. (A Cabin in the Woods, Thomas Cole)

Geometric Perspective - Is the artist principal system of creating the illusion of three-dimensional volumes existing in space. The Early Renaissance architect Brunelleschi is usually attributed in developing geometric perspective to a level of mathematical accuracy.

Horizon Line -In 'real life', the horizon is where the land (or sea) and sky meet. It is sometimes known as the “Eye Level”.

Vanishing Pt. - The place on the horizon line where receding parallel lines appear to converge.

Birds Eye View - A general view from above, or as if from above.

Worms Eye View - A view as seen from below.

Homework #2

Shoe Art?

Create a unique shoe design that reflects your personality. Use colored pencil or marker. Consider the use of pattern and texture.

Non Objective Perspective Project

Objective:

• To use One and Two Point perspective to create a non-objective composition.
• To practice basic shading techniques.
• Understanding compositional balance.

Materials:

• 18x12 White Drawing Paper
• #2 Pencils
• Pink Pearl Erasers
• Drafting Brushes
• Eraser Shields
• Colored Pencils (optional)

Procedure:

1. Decide on a Vertical or Horizontal orientation for your paper.
2. Determine whether to work in one or two point perspective.
3. Draw a horizon line in the middle of the paper.
4. Add vanishing points.
5. Draw overlapping objects. 
6. Determine light source and shade each object independently. Do not concern yourself with the idea of cast shadows.
7. Additional color may be added to create an area of emphasis. Consider using a particular color scheme. (The example is a triadic color scheme using the three primary colors.)

Negative Positive Space Project

Utilizing the principles and elements of design that you have explored in the composition project, create a pleasing composition that incorporates negative and positive space. Have  fun with this assignment, but don't forget a good artist is also a good craftsman.

• Select an image that can be easily recognized as a silhouette.
• Direct reversals are ok, but try not to create a checkerboard.
• You may mix more than one image in your project. (ie. a quarterback and a receiver).
• Use color effectively. Your project must have contrast! Use complimentary colors or analogous colors. Think,? Why are you selecting these colors? "It's a pretty color" is not a reason.
• The design can be symmetrically or asymmetrically balanced.

Remember the elements and principals of design!

Elements: 

Line, color, value, shape, form, space, texture.

Principles:

Balance, unity, contrast, emphasis, pattern, movement, rhythm

Process:

1. Select your image
2. Measure the image. How many can you get out of a 12x18 inch piece of paper.
3. Cut the paper.
4. Use the tracing paper transfer technique to place your image on the construction paper.
5. Cut out with an x-acto knife. (Use and cutting board and always cut away from your hand.)
6. Assemble the design with a glue stick. (Use scrap paper to ensure that the glue stick covers your paper to the edge.)

Review the project presentation.

Composition Project

Lesson Objective:  To Make you aware of the entire picture plane and space that surrounds and object.

Composition:

“Composition is the placement or arrangement of visual elements or ingredients in a work of art, as distinct from the subject of a work. It can also be thought of as the organization of the elements of art according to the principles of art.”

The Picture Plane

 

In a painting the picture plane refers to the flat surface of the canvas or the physical material onto which the paint is applied. In our project the 9x12 construction paper is our picture plane.

You will create 6 designs which will produce the effect of :

1. Falling Motion
2. Rest/Calm
3. Tension
4. Rhythm
5. Balance/Stability
6. Importance

These are “Abstract” concepts, but they can be effectively communicated with simple shapes.

An example of "Importance"

Procedure

1. We will only be using 1x1” gray , white or black squares.
2. You must use a minimum of 6 squares or a maximum of 20.
3. Background paper can be gray, white or black.
4. Squares may touch the edge of the picture plane.
5. Except for “Falling/Motion” and “Tension”, all squares must be parallel to the picture plane.
6. You may use “ONE” colored square in “Importance”
7. Secure the squares with a glue stick.
8. Please label the back of each composition with the word it illustrates, and your NAME. Use a white pencil if your background is black.
9. You must complete all 6 compositions or you will receive a 55. (incomplete)

Some Last Thoughts

• Remember you can create any of the above effects not only with position, but with the color of the paper selected.

• Which neutral is restful? Gray, White or Black?

• You will want to use the “whole” picture plane. Avoid creating a “fish tank” composition. By having objects touch the edge, we create the illusion that something is going on beyond the edge of the picture plane.

• Avoid placing all the squares to the left or right. Think about how the image is balanced.
• Symmetrically
• Asymmetrically
• Radially

• Contrast creates tension. Which colors would you put together to create contrast.

• You can use one color square in your emphasis composition. Which color stands out the best?

Grading

I will be evaluating your work in three different ways.

1. Understanding - Do you understand the basic idea behind creating a balanced composition.? Does your image use the whole picture plane? Do objects float in the picture plane or does it appear that something happens beyond it?
2. Creativity - Do you use the obvious solution with a minimal amount of squares, or do you communicate your idea in a new and original way?
3. Craftsmanship - Is your work clean of glue and pencil marks? Are your squares correctly sized. (not rectangles) Have you correctly followed the project procedures?